امتحان التوفل الوطني المكافئ التجريبي

Structure, Choose the one word or phrase that best completes the sentence:

The president ______ the election by a landslide.

Structure, Choose the one word or phrase that best completes the sentence:

When _____ the conference?

Structure, Choose the one word or phrase that best completes the sentence:

The North Pole ——– latitude of 90 degrees north

Structure, Choose the one word or phrase that best completes the sentence:

The greenhouse effect occurs ——– heat radiating from the sun.

Structure, Choose the one word or phrase that best completes the sentence:

 Experiments ——– represent a giant step into the medicine of the future.

Structure, Choose the one word or phrase that best completes the sentence:

The Rose Bowl, ——– place on New Year’s Day, is the oldest postseason collegiate football game In the United States.

Structure, Choose the one word or phrase that best completes the sentence:

People who reverse the letters of words ——– to read suffer from dyslexia.

Structure, Choose the one word or phrase that best completes the sentence:

According to the World Health Organization, ___ there to be an outbreak of any of the six most dangerous diseases, this could be cause for quarantine

Structure, Choose the one word or phrase that best completes the sentence:

Most slang terms are simply old words ____ additional new meaning.

Structure, Choose the one word or phrase that best completes the sentence:

Not only _____ more brittle than hard maples, but they are also less able to Withstand high winds.

Structure, Choose the one word or phrase that best completes the sentence:

The child ……..  playing in the yard is my son.

Structure, Choose the one word or phrase that best completes the sentence:

Measles is a highly contagious viral disease ———- by a characteristic skin rash

Structure, Choose the one word or phrase that best completes the sentence:

Coral islands such as the Maldives are the tips of reefs built during periods of warm climate, when —– higher

Structure, Choose the one word or phrase that best completes the sentence:

The Missouri——– longest river in the United States, flows through seven states from its source in Montana to its confluence with the Mississippi.

Structure, Choose the one word or phrase that best completes the sentence:

The helicopter is able to hover in______ powered rotors produce lift even at zero forward speed.

Written Expressions

Identify the word or phrase from the choices below that must be changed in order for the sentence to be correct:

The counterpart of a negative electrons is the positive proton.

Written Expressions

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Alexander Hamilton’s advocacy of a strong national government brought he into bitter conflict with Thomas Jefferson.

Written Expressions

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There are more than eight-four million specimens in the National Museum of Natural History’s collection of biological, geological, archeological, and anthropology treasures.

Written Expressions

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Rubberized asphalt can hardly be classified cutting edge at this stage in their development.

Written Expressions

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 Rhesus monkeys exhibit patterns of shyness similar to that in humans.

Written Expressions

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In space, with no gravity for muscles to work against, the body becomes weakly.

Written Expressions

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Fort Jefferson, in the Dry Tortugas off the southern tip of Florida, can be reach only by boat or plane.

Written Expressions

Identify the word or phrase from the choices below that must be changed in order for the sentence to be correct:

Quarter horses were developed in eighteenth-century Virginia to race on courses short of about a quarter of a mile in length.

Written Expressions

Identify the word or phrase from the choices below that must be changed in order for the sentence to be correct:

Supersonic flight is flight that is faster the speed of sound.

Written Expressions

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 Since the dawn of agriculture 9,000 years ago, only a few animal species had been domesticated.

Written Expressions

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The Betataken House Ruins at Navajo National Monument is among largest and most elaborate cliff dwellings in the country.

Written Expressions

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Banks are rushing to merge because consolidation enable them to slash theirs costs and expand.

Written Expressions

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That water has a very high specific heat means that, without a large temperature change, water can add or lose a large number of heat .

Written Expressions

Identify the word or phrase from the choices below that must be changed in order for the sentence to be correct:

Benny Goodman was equally talented as both a jazz performer as well as a classical musician.

Written Expressions

Identify the word or phrase from the choices below that must be changed in order for the sentence to be correct:

The four string in a violin are tuned in fifths.

Passage 1

Reading Comprehension and Vocabulary

What is commonly called pepper in reality comes from two very different families of plants. Black and white pepper both come from the fruit of the piper nigrum, a vine with fruits called peppercorns. The peppercorns turn from green to red as they ripen and finally blacken as they dry out. The dried-out peppercorns are ground to obtain black pepper. White pepper, which has a more subtle flavor than black pepper, comes from the same peppercorns as black pepper; to obtain white pepper, the outer hull of the peppercorn, the pericarp, is removed before the peppercorn is ground. Red and green peppers, on the other hand, come from a completely different family from black and white pepper. Red and green peppers are from the genus Capsicum. Plants of this type generally have tiny white flowers and fruit which can be any one of a number of colors, shapes, and size. These peppers range in flavor from very mild and sweet to the most incredibly burning taste imaginable. Bell peppers are the most mild, while habaneras are the most burning. Christopher Columbus is responsible for the present-day confusion over what a pepper is. The piper nigrum variety of pepper was highly valued for centuries, and high demand for pepper by Europeans was a major cause of the fifteenth-century push to locate ocean routes to the spice-growing regions of Asia. When Columbus arrived in the New World in 1492, he was particularly interested in finding black pepper because of the high price that it would command in Europe. Columbus came across plants from the Capsicum family in use among the people of the New York World and he incorrectly identified them as relatives of black pepper. Columbus introduced the spicy Capsicum chili peppers to Europeans on his return from the 1492 voyage, and traders later spread them to Asia and Africa. These Capsicum peppers have continued to be called peppers in spite of the fact that they are not related to the black and white pepper of the Piper nigrum family.

The purpose of this passage is to?

Passage 1

Reading Comprehension and Vocabulary

What is commonly called pepper in reality comes from two very different families of plants. Black and white pepper both come from the fruit of the piper nigrum, a vine with fruits called peppercorns. The peppercorns turn from green to red as they ripen and finally blacken as they dry out. The dried-out peppercorns are ground to obtain black pepper. White pepper, which has a more subtle flavor than black pepper, comes from the same peppercorns as black pepper; to obtain white pepper, the outer hull of the peppercorn, the pericarp, is removed before the peppercorn is ground.Red and green peppers, on the other hand, come from a completely different family from black and white pepper. Red and green peppers are from the genus Capsicum. Plants of this type generally have tiny white flowers and fruit which can be any one of a number of colors, shapes, and size. These peppers range in flavor from very mild and sweet to the most incredibly burning taste imaginable. Bell peppers are the most mild, while habaneras are the most burning. Christopher Columbus is responsible for the present-day confusion over what a pepper is. The piper nigrum variety of pepper was highly valued for centuries, and high demand for pepper by Europeans was a major cause of the fifteenth-century push to locate ocean routes to the spice-growing regions of Asia. When Columbus arrived in the New World in 1492, he was particularly interested in finding black pepper because of the high price that it would command in Europe. Columbus came across plants from the Capsicum family in use among the people of the New York World and he incorrectly identified them as relatives of black pepper. Columbus introduced the spicy Capsicum chili peppers to Europeans on his return from the 1492 voyage, and traders later spread them to Asia and Africa. These Capsicum peppers have continued to be called peppers in spite of the fact that they are not related to the black and white pepper of the Piper nigrum family.

The underlined word “turn” in paragraph 1 could best Replaced by?

Passage 1

Reading Comprehension and Vocabulary

What is commonly called pepper in reality comes from two very different families of plants. Black and white pepper both come from the fruit of the piper nigrum, a vine with fruits called peppercorns. The peppercorns turn from green to red as they ripen and finally blacken as they dry out. The dried-out peppercorns are ground to obtain black pepper. White pepper, which has a more subtle flavor than black pepper, comes from the same peppercorns as black pepper; to obtain white pepper, the outer hull of the peppercorn, the pericarp, is removed before the peppercorn is ground.Red and green peppers, on the other hand, come from a completely different family from black and white pepper. Red and green peppers are from the genus Capsicum. Plants of this type generally have tiny white flowers and fruit which can be any one of a number of colors, shapes, and size. These peppers range in flavor from very mild and sweet to the most incredibly burning taste imaginable. Bell peppers are the most mild, while habaneras are the most burning. Christopher Columbus is responsible for the present-day confusion over what a pepper is. The piper nigrum variety of pepper was highly valued for centuries, and high demand for pepper by Europeans was a major cause of the fifteenth-century push to locate ocean routes to the spice-growing regions of Asia. When Columbus arrived in the New World in 1492, he was particularly interested in finding black pepper because of the high price that it would command in Europe. Columbus came across plants from the Capsicum family in use among the people of the New York World and he incorrectly identified them as relatives of black pepper. Columbus introduced the spicy Capsicum chili peppers to Europeans on his return from the 1492 voyage, and traders later spread them to Asia and Africa. These Capsicum peppers have continued to be called peppers in spite of the fact that they are not related to the black and white pepper of the Piper nigrum family.

According to the passage, both black and white peppers?

Passage 1

Reading Comprehension and Vocabulary

What is commonly called pepper in reality comes from two very different families of plants. Black and white pepper both come from the fruit of the piper nigrum, a vine with fruits called peppercorns. The peppercorns turn from green to red as they ripen and finally blacken as they dry out. The dried-out peppercorns are ground to obtain black pepper. White pepper, which has a more subtle flavor than black pepper, comes from the same peppercorns as black pepper; to obtain white pepper, the outer hull of the peppercorn, the pericarp, is removed before the peppercorn is ground.Red and green peppers, on the other hand, come from a completely different family from black and white pepper. Red and green peppers are from the genus Capsicum. Plants of this type generally have tiny white flowers and fruit which can be any one of a number of colors, shapes, and size. These peppers range in flavor from very mild and sweet to the most incredibly burning taste imaginable. Bell peppers are the most mild, while habaneras are the most burning. Christopher Columbus is responsible for the present-day confusion over what a pepper is. The piper nigrum variety of pepper was highly valued for centuries, and high demand for pepper by Europeans was a major cause of the fifteenth-century push to locate ocean routes to the spice-growing regions of Asia. When Columbus arrived in the New World in 1492, he was particularly interested in finding black pepper because of the high price that it would command in Europe. Columbus came across plants from the Capsicum family in use among the people of the New York World and he incorrectly identified them as relatives of black pepper. Columbus introduced the spicy Capsicum chili peppers to Europeans on his return from the 1492 voyage, and traders later spread them to Asia and Africa. These Capsicum peppers have continued to be called peppers in spite of the fact that they are not related to the black and white pepper of the Piper nigrum family.

What part of the Piper nigrum is the pericarp?

Passage 1

Reading Comprehension and Vocabulary

What is commonly called pepper in reality comes from two very different families of plants. Black and white pepper both come from the fruit of the piper nigrum, a vine with fruits called peppercorns. The peppercorns turn from green to red as they ripen and finally blacken as they dry out. The dried-out peppercorns are ground to obtain black pepper. White pepper, which has a more subtle flavor than black pepper, comes from the same peppercorns as black pepper; to obtain white pepper, the outer hull of the peppercorn, the pericarp, is removed before the peppercorn is ground.Red and green peppers, on the other hand, come from a completely different family from black and white pepper. Red and green peppers are from the genus Capsicum. Plants of this type generally have tiny white flowers and fruit which can be any one of a number of colors, shapes, and size. These peppers range in flavor from very mild and sweet to the most incredibly burning taste imaginable. Bell peppers are the most mild, while habaneras are the most burning. Christopher Columbus is responsible for the present-day confusion over what a pepper is. The piper nigrum variety of pepper was highly valued for centuries, and high demand for pepper by Europeans was a major cause of the fifteenth-century push to locate ocean routes to the spice-growing regions of Asia. When Columbus arrived in the New World in 1492, he was particularly interested in finding black pepper because of the high price that it would command in Europe. Columbus came across plants from the Capsicum family in use among the people of the New York World and he incorrectly identified them as relatives of black pepper. Columbus introduced the spicy Capsicum chili peppers to Europeans on his return from the 1492 voyage, and traders later spread them to Asia and Africa. These Capsicum peppers have continued to be called peppers in spite of the fact that they are not related to the black and white pepper of the Piper nigrum family.

What usually does NOT vary in a?

Passage 1

Reading Comprehension and Vocabulary

What is commonly called pepper in reality comes from two very different families of plants. Black and white pepper both come from the fruit of the piper nigrum, a vine with fruits called peppercorns. The peppercorns turn from green to red as they ripen and finally blacken as they dry out. The dried-out peppercorns are ground to obtain black pepper. White pepper, which has a more subtle flavor than black pepper, comes from the same peppercorns as black pepper; to obtain white pepper, the outer hull of the peppercorn, the pericarp, is removed before the peppercorn is ground.Red and green peppers, on the other hand, come from a completely different family from black and white pepper. Red and green peppers are from the genus Capsicum. Plants of this type generally have tiny white flowers and fruit which can be any one of a number of colors, shapes, and size. These peppers range in flavor from very mild and sweet to the most incredibly burning taste imaginable. Bell peppers are the most mild, while habaneras are the most burning. Christopher Columbus is responsible for the present-day confusion over what a pepper is. The piper nigrum variety of pepper was highly valued for centuries, and high demand for pepper by Europeans was a major cause of the fifteenth-century push to locate ocean routes to the spice-growing regions of Asia. When Columbus arrived in the New World in 1492, he was particularly interested in finding black pepper because of the high price that it would command in Europe. Columbus came across plants from the Capsicum family in use among the people of the New York World and he incorrectly identified them as relatives of black pepper. Columbus introduced the spicy Capsicum chili peppers to Europeans on his return from the 1492 voyage, and traders later spread them to Asia and Africa. These Capsicum peppers have continued to be called peppers in spite of the fact that they are not related to the black and white pepper of the Piper nigrum family.

The underlined word “push” in paragraph 3 could best be replaced by

Passage 1

Reading Comprehension and Vocabulary

What is commonly called pepper in reality comes from two very different families of plants. Black and white pepper both come from the fruit of the piper nigrum, a vine with fruits called peppercorns. The peppercorns turn from green to red as they ripen and finally blacken as they dry out. The dried-out peppercorns are ground to obtain black pepper. White pepper, which has a more subtle flavor than black pepper, comes from the same peppercorns as black pepper; to obtain white pepper, the outer hull of the peppercorn, the pericarp, is removed before the peppercorn is ground.Red and green peppers, on the other hand, come from a completely different family from black and white pepper. Red and green peppers are from the genus Capsicum. Plants of this type generally have tiny white flowers and fruit which can be any one of a number of colors, shapes, and size. These peppers range in flavor from very mild and sweet to the most incredibly burning taste imaginable. Bell peppers are the most mild, while habaneras are the most burning. Christopher Columbus is responsible for the present-day confusion over what a pepper is. The piper nigrum variety of pepper was highly valued for centuries, and high demand for pepper by Europeans was a major cause of the fifteenth-century push to locate ocean routes to the spice-growing regions of Asia. When Columbus arrived in the New World in 1492, he was particularly interested in finding black pepper because of the high price that it would command in Europe. Columbus came across plants from the Capsicum family in use among the people of the New York World and he incorrectly identified them as relatives of black pepper. Columbus introduced the spicy Capsicum chili peppers to Europeans on his return from the 1492 voyage, and traders later spread them to Asia and Africa. These Capsicum peppers have continued to be called peppers in spite of the fact that they are not related to the black and white pepper of the Piper nigrum family.

The underlined pronoun “them” in paragraph 4 refers to?

Passage 1

Reading Comprehension and Vocabulary

What is commonly called pepper in reality comes from two very different families of plants. Black and white pepper both come from the fruit of the piper nigrum, a vine with fruits called peppercorns. The peppercorns turn from green to red as they ripen and finally blacken as they dry out. The dried-out peppercorns are ground to obtain black pepper. White pepper, which has a more subtle flavor than black pepper, comes from the same peppercorns as black pepper; to obtain white pepper, the outer hull of the peppercorn, the pericarp, is removed before the peppercorn is ground.Red and green peppers, on the other hand, come from a completely different family from black and white pepper. Red and green peppers are from the genus Capsicum. Plants of this type generally have tiny white flowers and fruit which can be any one of a number of colors, shapes, and size. These peppers range in flavor from very mild and sweet to the most incredibly burning taste imaginable. Bell peppers are the most mild, while habaneras are the most burning. Christopher Columbus is responsible for the present-day confusion over what a pepper is. The piper nigrum variety of pepper was highly valued for centuries, and high demand for pepper by Europeans was a major cause of the fifteenth-century push to locate ocean routes to the spice-growing regions of Asia. When Columbus arrived in the New World in 1492, he was particularly interested in finding black pepper because of the high price that it would command in Europe. Columbus came across plants from the Capsicum family in use among the people of the New York World and he incorrectly identified them as relatives of black pepper. Columbus introduced the spicy Capsicum chili peppers to Europeans on his return from the 1492 voyage, and traders later spread them to Asia and Africa. These Capsicum peppers have continued to be called peppers in spite of the fact that they are not related to the black and white pepper of the Piper nigrum family.

It can be inferred from the passage that Chili peppers originally came from?

Passage 2

Reading Comprehension and Vocabulary

Algae is a primitive form of life, a single-celled or simple multiple-celled organism that is able to conduct the process of photosynthesis. It is generally found in water but can also be found elsewhere, growing on such surfaces as rocks or trees. The various types of algae are classified according to their pigmentation

, or coloration Blue-green algae, or cyanophyta, can grow at very high temperatures and under- high intensity light. 

This is a microscopic type of algae, and some species consist of only one cell. Blue- green algae is the oldest form of life with photosynthetic capabilities, and fossilized remains of this type of algae more than 3.4 billion years old have been found in parts of Africa.

Green alga, or Chlorophyta, is generally found in freshwater. It reproduces on the surfaces of enclosed bodies of water such as ponds or lakes and has the appearance of a fuzzy green coating  on the water. In large quantities, this type of algae may reproduce enough to give a green color to an entire lake. 

Brown alga, or Phaeophyta, grows in shallow, temperate water. This type of algae is the largest in size and is most recognizable as a type of seaweed; kelp is a type of brown algae that has grown to lengths of up to 200 feet. Its long stalks can be enmeshed on the ocean floor, or it can float freely on the ocean’s surface.

Brown alga, or Phaeophyta, grows in shallow, temperate water. This type of algae is the largest in size and is most recognizable as a type of seaweed; kelp is a type of brown algae that has grown to lengths of up to 200 feet. Its long stalks can be enmeshed on the ocean floor, or it can float freely on the ocean’s surface.

What is the author’s main purpose?

Passage 2

Reading Comprehension and Vocabulary

Algae is a primitive form of life, a single-celled or simple multiple-celled organism that is able to conduct the process of photosynthesis. It is generally found in water but can also be found elsewhere, growing on such surfaces as rocks or trees. The various types of algae are classified according to their pigmentation

, or coloration Blue-green algae, or cyanophyta, can grow at very high temperatures and under- high intensity light. 

This is a microscopic type of algae, and some species consist of only one cell. Blue- green algae is the oldest form of life with photosynthetic capabilities, and fossilized remains of this type of algae more than 3.4 billion years old have been found in parts of Africa.

Green alga, or Chlorophyta, is generally found in freshwater. It reproduces on the surfaces of enclosed bodies of water such as ponds or lakes and has the appearance of a fuzzy green coating  on the water. In large quantities, this type of algae may reproduce enough to give a green color to an entire lake. 

Brown alga, or Phaeophyta, grows in shallow, temperate water. This type of algae is the largest in size and is most recognizable as a type of seaweed; kelp is a type of brown algae that has grown to lengths of up to 200 feet. Its long stalks can be enmeshed on the ocean floor, or it can float freely on the ocean’s surface.

Brown alga, or Phaeophyta, grows in shallow, temperate water. This type of algae is the largest in size and is most recognizable as a type of seaweed; kelp is a type of brown algae that has grown to lengths of up to 200 feet. Its long stalks can be enmeshed on the ocean floor, or it can float freely on the ocean’s surface.

Which of the following is NOT true about algae?

Passage 2

Reading Comprehension and Vocabulary

Algae is a primitive form of life, a single-celled or simple multiple-celled organism that is able to conduct the process of photosynthesis. It is generally found in water but can also be found elsewhere, growing on such surfaces as rocks or trees. The various types of algae are classified according to their pigmentation

, or coloration Blue-green algae, or cyanophyta, can grow at very high temperatures and under- high intensity light. 

This is a microscopic type of algae, and some species consist of only one cell. Blue- green algae is the oldest form of life with photosynthetic capabilities, and fossilized remains of this type of algae more than 3.4 billion years old have been found in parts of Africa.

Green alga, or Chlorophyta, is generally found in freshwater. It reproduces on the surfaces of enclosed bodies of water such as ponds or lakes and has the appearance of a fuzzy green coating  on the water. In large quantities, this type of algae may reproduce enough to give a green color to an entire lake. 

Brown alga, or Phaeophyta, grows in shallow, temperate water. This type of algae is the largest in size and is most recognizable as a type of seaweed; kelp is a type of brown algae that has grown to lengths of up to 200 feet. Its long stalks can be enmeshed on the ocean floor, or it can float freely on the ocean’s surface.

Brown alga, or Phaeophyta, grows in shallow, temperate water. This type of algae is the largest in size and is most recognizable as a type of seaweed; kelp is a type of brown algae that has grown to lengths of up to 200 feet. Its long stalks can be enmeshed on the ocean floor, or it can float freely on the ocean’s surface.

The word “pigmentation” in paragraph 1 means?

Passage 2

Reading Comprehension and Vocabulary

Algae is a primitive form of life, a single-celled or simple multiple-celled organism that is able to conduct the process of photosynthesis. It is generally found in water but can also be found elsewhere, growing on such surfaces as rocks or trees. The various types of algae are classified according to their pigmentation

, or coloration Blue-green algae, or cyanophyta, can grow at very high temperatures and under- high intensity light. 

This is a microscopic type of algae, and some species consist of only one cell. Blue- green algae is the oldest form of life with photosynthetic capabilities, and fossilized remains of this type of algae more than 3.4 billion years old have been found in parts of Africa.

Green alga, or Chlorophyta, is generally found in freshwater. It reproduces on the surfaces of enclosed bodies of water such as ponds or lakes and has the appearance of a fuzzy green coating  on the water. In large quantities, this type of algae may reproduce enough to give a green color to an entire lake. 

Brown alga, or Phaeophyta, grows in shallow, temperate water. This type of algae is the largest in size and is most recognizable as a type of seaweed; kelp is a type of brown algae that has grown to lengths of up to 200 feet. Its long stalks can be enmeshed on the ocean floor, or it can float freely on the ocean’s surface.

Brown alga, or Phaeophyta, grows in shallow, temperate water. This type of algae is the largest in size and is most recognizable as a type of seaweed; kelp is a type of brown algae that has grown to lengths of up to 200 feet. Its long stalks can be enmeshed on the ocean floor, or it can float freely on the ocean’s surface.

The word “microscopic” in paragraph 2 is closest in meaning to?

Passage 2

Reading Comprehension and Vocabulary

Algae is a primitive form of life, a single-celled or simple multiple-celled organism that is able to conduct the process of photosynthesis. It is generally found in water but can also be found elsewhere, growing on such surfaces as rocks or trees. The various types of algae are classified according to their pigmentation

, or coloration Blue-green algae, or cyanophyta, can grow at very high temperatures and under- high intensity light. 

This is a microscopic type of algae, and some species consist of only one cell. Blue- green algae is the oldest form of life with photosynthetic capabilities, and fossilized remains of this type of algae more than 3.4 billion years old have been found in parts of Africa.

Green alga, or Chlorophyta, is generally found in freshwater. It reproduces on the surfaces of enclosed bodies of water such as ponds or lakes and has the appearance of a fuzzy green coating  on the water. In large quantities, this type of algae may reproduce enough to give a green color to an entire lake. 

Brown alga, or Phaeophyta, grows in shallow, temperate water. This type of algae is the largest in size and is most recognizable as a type of seaweed; kelp is a type of brown algae that has grown to lengths of up to 200 feet. Its long stalks can be enmeshed on the ocean floor, or it can float freely on the ocean’s surface.

Brown alga, or Phaeophyta, grows in shallow, temperate water. This type of algae is the largest in size and is most recognizable as a type of seaweed; kelp is a type of brown algae that has grown to lengths of up to 200 feet. Its long stalks can be enmeshed on the ocean floor, or it can float freely on the ocean’s surface.

Algae remnants found in Africa are?

Passage 2

Reading Comprehension and Vocabulary

Algae is a primitive form of life, a single-celled or simple multiple-celled organism that is able to conduct the process of photosynthesis. It is generally found in water but can also be found elsewhere, growing on such surfaces as rocks or trees. The various types of algae are classified according to their pigmentation

, or coloration Blue-green algae, or cyanophyta, can grow at very high temperatures and under- high intensity light. 

This is a microscopic type of algae, and some species consist of only one cell. Blue- green algae is the oldest form of life with photosynthetic capabilities, and fossilized remains of this type of algae more than 3.4 billion years old have been found in parts of Africa.

Green alga, or Chlorophyta, is generally found in freshwater. It reproduces on the surfaces of enclosed bodies of water such as ponds or lakes and has the appearance of a fuzzy green coating  on the water. In large quantities, this type of algae may reproduce enough to give a green color to an entire lake. 

Brown alga, or Phaeophyta, grows in shallow, temperate water. This type of algae is the largest in size and is most recognizable as a type of seaweed; kelp is a type of brown algae that has grown to lengths of up to 200 feet. Its long stalks can be enmeshed on the ocean floor, or it can float freely on the ocean’s surface.

Brown alga, or Phaeophyta, grows in shallow, temperate water. This type of algae is the largest in size and is most recognizable as a type of seaweed; kelp is a type of brown algae that has grown to lengths of up to 200 feet. Its long stalks can be enmeshed on the ocean floor, or it can float freely on the ocean’s surface.

Green algae is generally found?

Passage 2

Reading Comprehension and Vocabulary

Algae is a primitive form of life, a single-celled or simple multiple-celled organism that is able to conduct the process of photosynthesis. It is generally found in water but can also be found elsewhere, growing on such surfaces as rocks or trees. The various types of algae are classified according to their pigmentation

, or coloration Blue-green algae, or cyanophyta, can grow at very high temperatures and under- high intensity light. 

This is a microscopic type of algae, and some species consist of only one cell. Blue- green algae is the oldest form of life with photosynthetic capabilities, and fossilized remains of this type of algae more than 3.4 billion years old have been found in parts of Africa.

Green alga, or Chlorophyta, is generally found in freshwater. It reproduces on the surfaces of enclosed bodies of water such as ponds or lakes and has the appearance of a fuzzy green coating  on the water. In large quantities, this type of algae may reproduce enough to give a green color to an entire lake. 

Brown alga, or Phaeophyta, grows in shallow, temperate water. This type of algae is the largest in size and is most recognizable as a type of seaweed; kelp is a type of brown algae that has grown to lengths of up to 200 feet. Its long stalks can be enmeshed on the ocean floor, or it can float freely on the ocean’s surface.

Brown alga, or Phaeophyta, grows in shallow, temperate water. This type of algae is the largest in size and is most recognizable as a type of seaweed; kelp is a type of brown algae that has grown to lengths of up to 200 feet. Its long stalks can be enmeshed on the ocean floor, or it can float freely on the ocean’s surface.

The underlined word “coating” in paragraph 3 could best be replaced by?

Passage 2

Reading Comprehension and Vocabulary

Algae is a primitive form of life, a single-celled or simple multiple-celled organism that is able to conduct the process of photosynthesis. It is generally found in water but can also be found elsewhere, growing on such surfaces as rocks or trees. The various types of algae are classified according to their pigmentation

, or coloration Blue-green algae, or cyanophyta, can grow at very high temperatures and under- high intensity light. 

This is a microscopic type of algae, and some species consist of only one cell. Blue- green algae is the oldest form of life with photosynthetic capabilities, and fossilized remains of this type of algae more than 3.4 billion years old have been found in parts of Africa.

Green alga, or Chlorophyta, is generally found in freshwater. It reproduces on the surfaces of enclosed bodies of water such as ponds or lakes and has the appearance of a fuzzy green coating  on the water. In large quantities, this type of algae may reproduce enough to give a green color to an entire lake. 

Brown alga, or Phaeophyta, grows in shallow, temperate water. This type of algae is the largest in size and is most recognizable as a type of seaweed; kelp is a type of brown algae that has grown to lengths of up to 200 feet. Its long stalks can be enmeshed on the ocean floor, or it can float freely on the ocean’s surface.

Brown alga, or Phaeophyta, grows in shallow, temperate water. This type of algae is the largest in size and is most recognizable as a type of seaweed; kelp is a type of brown algae that has grown to lengths of up to 200 feet. Its long stalks can be enmeshed on the ocean floor, or it can float freely on the ocean’s surface.

Brown algae would most likely be found?

Passage 2

Reading Comprehension and Vocabulary

Algae is a primitive form of life, a single-celled or simple multiple-celled organism that is able to conduct the process of photosynthesis. It is generally found in water but can also be found elsewhere, growing on such surfaces as rocks or trees. The various types of algae are classified according to their pigmentation

, or coloration Blue-green algae, or cyanophyta, can grow at very high temperatures and under- high intensity light. 

This is a microscopic type of algae, and some species consist of only one cell. Blue- green algae is the oldest form of life with photosynthetic capabilities, and fossilized remains of this type of algae more than 3.4 billion years old have been found in parts of Africa.

Green alga, or Chlorophyta, is generally found in freshwater. It reproduces on the surfaces of enclosed bodies of water such as ponds or lakes and has the appearance of a fuzzy green coating  on the water. In large quantities, this type of algae may reproduce enough to give a green color to an entire lake. 

Brown alga, or Phaeophyta, grows in shallow, temperate water. This type of algae is the largest in size and is most recognizable as a type of seaweed; kelp is a type of brown algae that has grown to lengths of up to 200 feet. Its long stalks can be enmeshed on the ocean floor, or it can float freely on the ocean’s surface.

Brown alga, or Phaeophyta, grows in shallow, temperate water. This type of algae is the largest in size and is most recognizable as a type of seaweed; kelp is a type of brown algae that has grown to lengths of up to 200 feet. Its long stalks can be enmeshed on the ocean floor, or it can float freely on the ocean’s surface.

According to the passage, brown algae is?

Passage 2

Reading Comprehension and Vocabulary

Algae is a primitive form of life, a single-celled or simple multiple-celled organism that is able to conduct the process of photosynthesis. It is generally found in water but can also be found elsewhere, growing on such surfaces as rocks or trees. The various types of algae are classified according to their pigmentation

, or coloration Blue-green algae, or cyanophyta, can grow at very high temperatures and under- high intensity light. 

This is a microscopic type of algae, and some species consist of only one cell. Blue- green algae is the oldest form of life with photosynthetic capabilities, and fossilized remains of this type of algae more than 3.4 billion years old have been found in parts of Africa.

Green alga, or Chlorophyta, is generally found in freshwater. It reproduces on the surfaces of enclosed bodies of water such as ponds or lakes and has the appearance of a fuzzy green coating  on the water. In large quantities, this type of algae may reproduce enough to give a green color to an entire lake. 

Brown alga, or Phaeophyta, grows in shallow, temperate water. This type of algae is the largest in size and is most recognizable as a type of seaweed; kelp is a type of brown algae that has grown to lengths of up to 200 feet. Its long stalks can be enmeshed on the ocean floor, or it can float freely on the ocean’s surface.

Brown alga, or Phaeophyta, grows in shallow, temperate water. This type of algae is the largest in size and is most recognizable as a type of seaweed; kelp is a type of brown algae that has grown to lengths of up to 200 feet. Its long stalks can be enmeshed on the ocean floor, or it can float freely on the ocean’s surface.

It can be inferred from the passages that limestone deposits serve as the basis of?

Passage 2

Reading Comprehension and Vocabulary

Algae is a primitive form of life, a single-celled or simple multiple-celled organism that is able to conduct the process of photosynthesis. It is generally found in water but can also be found elsewhere, growing on such surfaces as rocks or trees. The various types of algae are classified according to their pigmentation

, or coloration Blue-green algae, or cyanophyta, can grow at very high temperatures and under- high intensity light. 

This is a microscopic type of algae, and some species consist of only one cell. Blue- green algae is the oldest form of life with photosynthetic capabilities, and fossilized remains of this type of algae more than 3.4 billion years old have been found in parts of Africa.

Green alga, or Chlorophyta, is generally found in freshwater. It reproduces on the surfaces of enclosed bodies of water such as ponds or lakes and has the appearance of a fuzzy green coating  on the water. In large quantities, this type of algae may reproduce enough to give a green color to an entire lake. 

Brown alga, or Phaeophyta, grows in shallow, temperate water. This type of algae is the largest in size and is most recognizable as a type of seaweed; kelp is a type of brown algae that has grown to lengths of up to 200 feet. Its long stalks can be enmeshed on the ocean floor, or it can float freely on the ocean’s surface.

Brown alga, or Phaeophyta, grows in shallow, temperate water. This type of algae is the largest in size and is most recognizable as a type of seaweed; kelp is a type of brown algae that has grown to lengths of up to 200 feet. Its long stalks can be enmeshed on the ocean floor, or it can float freely on the ocean’s surface.

How is the information in the paragraph organized?

Passage 2

Reading Comprehension and Vocabulary

Algae is a primitive form of life, a single-celled or simple multiple-celled organism that is able to conduct the process of photosynthesis. It is generally found in water but can also be found elsewhere, growing on such surfaces as rocks or trees. The various types of algae are classified according to their pigmentation

, or coloration Blue-green algae, or cyanophyta, can grow at very high temperatures and under- high intensity light. 

This is a microscopic type of algae, and some species consist of only one cell. Blue- green algae is the oldest form of life with photosynthetic capabilities, and fossilized remains of this type of algae more than 3.4 billion years old have been found in parts of Africa.

Green alga, or Chlorophyta, is generally found in freshwater. It reproduces on the surfaces of enclosed bodies of water such as ponds or lakes and has the appearance of a fuzzy green coating  on the water. In large quantities, this type of algae may reproduce enough to give a green color to an entire lake. 

Brown alga, or Phaeophyta, grows in shallow, temperate water. This type of algae is the largest in size and is most recognizable as a type of seaweed; kelp is a type of brown algae that has grown to lengths of up to 200 feet. Its long stalks can be enmeshed on the ocean floor, or it can float freely on the ocean’s surface.

Brown alga, or Phaeophyta, grows in shallow, temperate water. This type of algae is the largest in size and is most recognizable as a type of seaweed; kelp is a type of brown algae that has grown to lengths of up to 200 feet. Its long stalks can be enmeshed on the ocean floor, or it can float freely on the ocean’s surface.

This passage would most probably be assigned reading in a course on

Listening Comprehension

listen to the short conversations between two people. After each conversation, you will hear a question about the conversation. After you hear a question, read the four possible answers in following and choose the best answer.

Listening Comprehension

listen to the short conversations between two people. After each conversation, you will hear a question about the conversation. After you hear a question, read the four possible answers in following and choose the best answer.

Listening Comprehension

listen to the short conversations between two people. After each conversation, you will hear a question about the conversation. After you hear a question, read the four possible answers in following and choose the best answer.

Listening Comprehension

listen to the short conversations between two people. After each conversation, you will hear a question about the conversation. After you hear a question, read the four possible answers in following and choose the best answer.

Listening Comprehension

listen to the short conversations between two people. After each conversation, you will hear a question about the conversation. After you hear a question, read the four possible answers in following and choose the best answer.

Listening Comprehension

listen to the short conversations between two people. After each conversation, you will hear a question about the conversation. After you hear a question, read the four possible answers in following and choose the best answer.

Listening Comprehension

listen to the short conversations between two people. After each conversation, you will hear a question about the conversation. After you hear a question, read the four possible answers in following and choose the best answer.

Listening Comprehension

listen to the short conversations between two people. After each conversation, you will hear a question about the conversation. After you hear a question, read the four possible answers in following and choose the best answer.

Listening Comprehension

listen to the short conversations between two people. After each conversation, you will hear a question about the conversation. After you hear a question, read the four possible answers in following and choose the best answer.

Listening Comprehension

listen to the short conversations between two people. After each conversation, you will hear a question about the conversation. After you hear a question, read the four possible answers in following and choose the best answer.

Question 11

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Question 13

Question 14

Question 15